The Green Papers: Political Party Breakdown of the 19th Congress of the United States, 1825-1827

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Boldface (with superscript C) numbers indicate the majority Party in each house. Red (with superscript P) numbers (boldface or not) indicate the Party of the President in any event.

President	Party	Congress	United States Senate	House of Representatives
	Jackson Republican	Adams Republican	other	vacancies	Jackson Republican	Adams Republican	other
Adams, J.Q.	Republican	19th 1825-1827	26^C	17^P	4	1		^P
19th CONGRESS- in General SENATE: 26 "Adams" Republicans [= 14 "Crawford" Republicans + 12 "Adams-Clay" Republicans], 17 "Jackson" Republicans, 4 Federalists John Quincy Adams was elected as a Republican: in fact, all the candidates for President in 1824 were ostensibly Republicans- the four leading candidates being Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Congressman Henry Clay of Kentucky, Secretary of the Treasury William Crawford and Senator Andrew Jackson of Tennessee; all Republican members of both houses in the 19th Congress were elected as supporters of one of these Presidential contenders. As a result, during the course of the 19th Congress, the Republicans in both houses of Congress began to separate themselves- eventually regrouping into two "factions": "pro-Adams/anti-Jackson" and "pro-Jackson/anti-Adams" factions- most of those included in this last faction feeling strongly that, because of the controversial result of the 1824 Presidential Election, President Adams was not a "legitimate" holder of his office and, thus, coming to favor Senator Andrew Jackson of Tennessee, who had been defeated by Adams for the Presidency in 1824, as the next President of the United States come the 1828 Presidential Election. For purposes of this table, the first Republican faction is simply referred to as Adams Republicans, while the second is simply referred to as Jackson Republicans. 19TH CONGRESS- United States SENATE The SENATE of the 19th Congress included 4 Senators from other than the two Republican factions noted above as elected by their respective State Legislatures as well as 1 vacancy: The 4 others were as follows: 4 Federalists- Senator Thomas Clayton of DELAWARE (Class 1) Senator James Lloyd of MASSACHUSETTS (Class 2) Senator Elijah Mills of MASSACHUSETTS (Class 1) Senator Nicholas Van Dyke of DELAWARE (Class 2) The 1 vacancy was from the State of NEW YORK, the Legislature of the State having failed to elect someone to the Class 3 seat (term of 4 March 1825 to 3 March 1831) from that State before the end of the odd-numbered year in which the 19th Congress took office [this being 1825]. Calvin Willey, an "Adams-Clay" Republican, was elected by the General Assembly of the State of CONNECTICUT to the Class 3 seat (term of 4 March 1825 to 3 March 1831) from that State on 4 May 1825, before the odd-numbered year in which the 19th Congress took office [this being 1825]; Senator Willey, therefore, is counted among the 26 "Adams" Republicans (for the reasons explained in the section labeled "in General" above) elected to the Senate of the 19th Congress, notwithstanding the existence of a vacancy at the start of that Congress [4 March 1825] due to a failure of the legislature to elect. Levi Woodbury, a "Jackson" Republican, was elected by the General Court of the State of NEW HAMPSHIRE to the Class 3 seat (term of 4 March 1825 to 3 March 1831) from that State on 16 June 1825, before the end of the odd-numbered year in which the 19th took office [this being 1825]; Senator Woodbury, therefore, is counted among the 17 "Jackson" Republicans elected to the Senate of the 19th Congress, notwithstanding the existence of a vacancy at the start of that Congress [4 March 1825] due to a failure of the legislature to elect.

President

Party

Congress

United States Senate

House of Representatives

Jackson
Republican

Adams
Republican

other

vacancies

Jackson
Republican

Adams
Republican

other

Adams, J.Q.

Republican

19th 1825-1827

26^C

17^P

19th CONGRESS- in General

SENATE: 26 "Adams" Republicans [= 14 "Crawford" Republicans + 12 "Adams-Clay" Republicans], 17 "Jackson" Republicans, 4 Federalists

John Quincy Adams was elected as a Republican: in fact, all the candidates for President in 1824 were ostensibly Republicans- the four leading candidates being Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Congressman Henry Clay of Kentucky, Secretary of the Treasury William Crawford and Senator Andrew Jackson of Tennessee; all Republican members of both houses in the 19th Congress were elected as supporters of one of these Presidential contenders. As a result, during the course of the 19th Congress, the Republicans in both houses of Congress began to separate themselves- eventually regrouping into two "factions": "pro-Adams/anti-Jackson" and "pro-Jackson/anti-Adams" factions- most of those included in this last faction feeling strongly that, because of the controversial result of the 1824 Presidential Election, President Adams was not a "legitimate" holder of his office and, thus, coming to favor Senator Andrew Jackson of Tennessee, who had been defeated by Adams for the Presidency in 1824, as the next President of the United States come the 1828 Presidential Election. For purposes of this table, the first Republican faction is simply referred to as Adams Republicans, while the second is simply referred to as Jackson Republicans.

19TH CONGRESS- United States SENATE

The SENATE of the 19th Congress included 4 Senators from other than the two Republican factions noted above as elected by their respective State Legislatures as well as 1 vacancy:

The 4 others were as follows:

4 Federalists-
- Senator Thomas Clayton of DELAWARE (Class 1)
- Senator James Lloyd of MASSACHUSETTS (Class 2)
- Senator Elijah Mills of MASSACHUSETTS (Class 1)
- Senator Nicholas Van Dyke of DELAWARE (Class 2)

The 1 vacancy was from the State of NEW YORK, the Legislature of the State having failed to elect someone to the Class 3 seat (term of 4 March 1825 to 3 March 1831) from that State before the end of the odd-numbered year in which the 19th Congress took office [this being 1825].

Calvin Willey, an "Adams-Clay" Republican, was elected by the General Assembly of the State of CONNECTICUT to the Class 3 seat (term of 4 March 1825 to 3 March 1831) from that State on 4 May 1825, before the odd-numbered year in which the 19th Congress took office [this being 1825]; Senator Willey, therefore, is counted among the 26 "Adams" Republicans (for the reasons explained in the section labeled "in General" above) elected to the Senate of the 19th Congress, notwithstanding the existence of a vacancy at the start of that Congress [4 March 1825] due to a failure of the legislature to elect.

Levi Woodbury, a "Jackson" Republican, was elected by the General Court of the State of NEW HAMPSHIRE to the Class 3 seat (term of 4 March 1825 to 3 March 1831) from that State on 16 June 1825, before the end of the odd-numbered year in which the 19th took office [this being 1825]; Senator Woodbury, therefore, is counted among the 17 "Jackson" Republicans elected to the Senate of the 19th Congress, notwithstanding the existence of a vacancy at the start of that Congress [4 March 1825] due to a failure of the legislature to elect.

Modified .