Boldface (with superscript C) numbers indicate the majority Party in each house. Red (with superscript P) numbers (boldface or not) indicate the Party of the President in any event.
| President | Party | Congress | United States Senate | House of Representatives | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Federalist | other | vacancies | Republican | Federalist | other | |||
| Monroe | Republican | 18th 1823-1825 | 43CP | 4 | 1 | ||||
18th CONGRESS- in General SENATE: 43 Republicans, 4 Federalists, 1 vacancy 18th CONGRESS- United States SENATE The SENATE of the 18th Congress included 1 vacancy from the State of DELAWARE, Senator Caesar A. Rodney having resigned from the Class 1 seat (term ending 3 March 1827) from that State on 29 January 1823, during the preceding Congress, along with the General Assembly of the State having subsequently failed to elect his successor before the end of the odd-numbered year in which the 18th Congress took office [this being 1823]. Joseph McIlvaine, a Republican, was elected on 12 November 1823 by the Legislature of the State of NEW JERSEY to the Class 1 seat (term ending 3 March 1827) from that State vacated by the resignation of Senator Samuel Southard on 3 March 1823, at the end of the preceding Congress, before the end of the off-numbered year in which the 18th took office [this being 1823]; Senator McIlvaine, therefore, is counted among the 43 Republicans elected to the Senate of the 18th Congress, notwithstanding the existence of a vacancy at the start of that Congress [4 March 1823]. | |||||||||
Modified .