The Green Papers: 2023 General Election
 
Copyright www.flags.net/UNST.htm 118th Congress
Senate Seats by State

This is a list of the current Senate seats and the incumbents occupying them. Not counting special elections, 33 Senate Seats are up for election on 5 November 2024.

There have been 1 death, 1 resignations, and 1 changes re: party breakdown in the 118th Senate.

  • Senator James M. "Jim" Inhofe (Republican, Oklahoma Class 2) resigned on 2 January 2023.
  • Senator Markwayne Mullin (Republican, Oklahoma Class 2) was elected in a 8 November 2022 Special Election to fill the seat of Senator James M. "Jim" Inhofe (Republican, Oklahoma Class 2) upon Senator Inhofe's resignation. Senator Mullin took the Oath on 3 January 2023 and will serve the remainder of the term ending January 3, 2027.
  • Senator Kyrsten Sinema (Democrat, Arizona Class 2) switched party affiliation to Independent on 3 January 2023.
  • Senator Benjamin E. "Ben" Sasse (Republican, Nebraska Class 2) resigns.
  • Senator Pete Ricketts (Republican, Nebraska Class 2) is appointed on 12 January 2023 and took the Oath on 23 January 2023.
  • Senator Dianne Feinstein (Democratic, California Class 1) died on 29 September 2023.
  • Senator Laphonza Butler (Democratic, California Class 1) is appointed on 1 October 2023 and took the Oath on 2 October 2023.

  Alabama    Alaska    Arizona    Arkansas    California    Colorado    Connecticut    Delaware    Florida    Georgia    Hawaii    Idaho    Illinois    Indiana    Iowa    Kansas    Kentucky    Louisiana    Maine    Maryland    Massachusetts    Michigan    Minnesota    Mississippi    Missouri    Montana    Nebraska    Nevada    New Hampshire    New Jersey    New Mexico    New York    North Carolina    North Dakota    Ohio    Oklahoma    Oregon    Pennsylvania    Rhode Island    South Carolina    South Dakota    Tennessee    Texas    Utah    Vermont    Virginia    Washington    West Virginia    Wisconsin    Wyoming 

Legislative Links     Senate Electoral Classes

           

Arizona  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 1 Independent, 1 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Senator  Kyrsten Sinema
9 December 2022: Senator Sinema announced she is changing her party affiliation from Democratic to Independent but will continue to caucus with the Democrats. "I registered as an Arizona independent."

FEC S8AZ00197; 30 Sep 23; Tot $4,595,402; Dsb $2,035,201

California  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
    Independent     Dana Bobbitt - apparently not a candidate
FEC S4CA00597 or S4CA00605

FEC S4CA00597
    Independent     Katie O'Neal Roedersheimer - apparently not a candidate
?

FEC S4CA00415

Colorado  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 2  
  Candidate Independent     Clinton Roosevelt "Clint" Dale
FEC S4CO00452

Georgia  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 2  
  Candidate Independent     Courtney Branham
FEC S4GA11368
  Candidate Independent     DeVelle LaVaughn Jackson
FEC S6GA00275

Illinois  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 3  
  Candidate Independent     Austin James Mink
7 December 2023: Filed with the FEC S8IL00215 for US Senate Class 3.

FEC S8IL00215

Indiana  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Republican

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Sean Adam Dada
FEC S4IN00220
  Candidate Independent     Richard Allen Kent
FEC S4IN00246

Kentucky  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Republican

Class 2  
  Candidate Independent     Scott Micheal Duncan
FEC S6KY00195

Maine  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 1 Independent, 1 Republican

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Senator  Angus Stanley King, Jr.
FEC S2ME00109; 30 Sep 23; Tot $1,748,992; Dsb $544,815

Maryland  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Shaunesi Yvette DeBerry
FEC S4MD00335 or S4MD00343

FEC S4MD00335
  Candidate Independent     Emmanuel Onyekachi "Emmanuel" Osuchukwu
FEC S4MD00376
  Candidate Independent     Michael Ray "Mike" Sigmon
Resident of West Virginia.
15 December 2023: Filed with the FEC H4MD07090 for US House CD 8.
23 December 2023: Filed with the FEC S4MD00418 for US Senate Class 1.

FEC H4MD07090

Massachusetts  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
    Independent     Shiva Ayyadurai - apparently not a candidate
26 April 2022: Filed a termination report with the FEC.
FEC S8MA00268 or S4MA00275

FEC S8MA00268

Michigan  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     James Kieth Frizzell, Sr.
FEC S4MI00645

Missouri  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Republican

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Jared Young
FEC S4MO00284; 30 Sep 23; Tot $170,753; Dsb $111,557

Nebraska  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Republican

Class 2  
  Candidate Independent     Dan Osborn
FEC S4NE00207; 30 Sep 23; Tot $55,636; Dsb $8,601

Nevada  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Joseph James "J.J." Destin
FEC S2NV00340
    Independent     Bradley Scott "Brad" Wing - apparently not a candidate
FEC S4NV00239

New Jersey  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Nicholas Matthew "Nick" Carducci
FEC S4NJ00342
  Candidate Independent     Victor Joseph Scazzola
FEC S4NJ00474

New Mexico  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Cameron Alton Chick, Sr.
FEC S4NM00134

New York  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
    Independent     Frank Cavalluzzi - apparently not a candidate
21 August 2023: Convicted of attempted murder.
  Candidate Independent     Diane Wilson Sare
FEC S2NY00325; 30 Sep 23; Tot $128,138; Dsb $125,520

Class 3  
  Candidate Independent     Joshua O. "Josh" Madson
?

FEC S8NY00256

Pennsylvania  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Hussein Tartour-Aguirre
FEC S6PA00324
  Candidate Independent     Reece Master Wright-McDonald
?

FEC S4PA00253

Rhode Island  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 2  
  Candidate Independent     Jon Lindley
FEC S6RI00254

Tennessee  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Republican

Class 2  
  Candidate Independent     Jason Jerrell Smith

Vermont  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 1 Independent, 1 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Cris Ericson
  Candidate Independent     Senator  Bernard "Bernie" Sanders
FEC S4VT00033; 30 Sep 23; Tot $2,206,022; Dsb $2,329,832

Virginia  6-year term. No Term Limit. Senate Electoral Classes
Partisan Composition: 2 Democratic

Class 1  
  Candidate Independent     Jonathan T. "JT" Hardin
FEC S4VA00262
  Candidate Independent     Csaba Menezes Rusznak, Jr.
FEC S4VA00346
  Candidate Independent     Tiger Xiong
FEC S4VA00270

Political Parties    Parties appear in parenthesis and italics when a candidate receives the endorsement of a given Party and/or official sources indicate a candidate's association with a particular Party but only where the Party in question does not appear on the actual ballot as such.

Major Parties
  Democratic
  Democratic-Farmer Labor
  Republican
Major Third Parties
  Constitution
  Green
  Libertarian
Other Third Parties
  American Independent
  American Solidarity
  Communist
  Federalist
  Independence
  Independent Greens
  Independent Party Of Delaware
  No Labels
  Socialist Equality
  Socialist Workers Party
  Workers Party
Independents
 
  Independent
  No Party Affiliation
  No Party Preference
  Nonparty
  Other
  Unaffiliated
Write-in/Scattered/otherwise not readily classifiable
  Not readily classifiable
  Write-in
 

Notes

Candidates for office appear on this page in italics where 'The Green Papers' does not yet have independent confirmation from a legal election authority that the person has been officially certified to appear on the ballot.


"FEC" indicates the Federal Election Commission (FEC) Campaign Finance Summary.

When available, we post each candidate's FEC identification number, the date of their most recently filed Report of Receipts and Disbursements, their "Tot" [Total Receipts (contributions received or what came in: FEC Form 3, Line 16, Column B)] and their "Dsb" [Total Disbursements (expenditures or what was spent: FEC Form 3, Line 23, Column B)]. A link is provided to the Federal Election Commission's Summary Report for those who might wish to explore the details.

If a candidate raises or spends $5,000 or less, he or she is not subject to FEC reporting requirements.


Senate Class

Class 1 seats begin their terms at noon on 3 January 2019 and end their terms on 3 January 2025. The next regular election for these seats is in 5 November 2024.
Class 2 seats began their terms at noon on 3 January 2021 and end their terms on 3 January 2027. The next regular election for these seats is 3 November 2026.
Class 3 seats began their terms at noon on 3 January 2023 and end their terms on 3 January 2029. The next regular election for these seats is 7 November 2028.

For more information on Senate Classes refer to UNITED STATES SENATE: Electoral "Classes".


Article I, Section 3, clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States reads as follows:

"Immediately after [the Senate of the United States] shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year..."

Pursuant to this Constitutional provision, a three-Senator Committee was appointed by the Senate on 11 May 1789 to come up with a plan to carry out the requirements of that provision; this Committee reported to the Senate on 14 May 1789 a plan to divide the then 20 Senators (there were 10 of the 13 original States represented in the Senate at the time- each having 2 Senators: North Carolina and Rhode Island had yet to ratify the U.S. Constitution, while New York had so ratified but had failed to elect Senators as of that date) into the requisite three electoral Classes: under this plan, three groups of Senators (set up in such a way so as no State had its two Senators in the same group) were to be listed and the first Senator on each list (a list which was set up geographically north-to-south in the manner in which the Electoral Vote for President was counted before Congress at that time, so that two of the first Senators on these lists were from New Hampshire and the third was the first Senator in alphabetical order from Massachusetts) was to each blindly draw a piece of paper numbered either "1", "2" or "3" out of a box in the possession of the Secretary of the Senate. This plan being agreeable to the Senate and so approved, the drawing of lots in this manner was carried out the following day (15 May 1789)- such lot drawing ultimately determining that, to start with, Classes 1 and 2 were to have 7 Senators each and Class 3 was to have only 6 Senators.

When New York finally seated its two Senators during the ensuing Summer, there was another lot drawing (actually a double-lot drawing) on 28 July 1789 to determine the Classes for these seats: since one of the seats had to be Class 3 to make it equal in number to that of the other two Classes so far, the two New York Senators each blindly drew between two pieces of paper, one marked "3", the other which was blank- after this, there was a second lot drawing in which the New York Senator who had drawn the blank paper blindly drew again between two pieces of paper marked "1" and "2": he drew "1" so that New York would henceforth have Senators of electoral Classes 1 and 3.

When North Carolina seated its two Senators after ratifying the Constitution on 21 November 1789, there was yet another lot drawing (on 29 January 1790) in which North Carolina's two Senators each blindly drew between pieces of paper marked "2" and "3" (since there were now 12 States and, thus, 24 Senators: 24 being equally divisible by 3, there would now have to be 8 Senators in each of the three Classes to fulfill the Constitutional provision that, as nearly as was practicable, one third of the Senate be elected every second year).

After Rhode Island- the last of the 13 original States- finally ratified the Constitution on 29 May 1790 and subsequently seated its two Senators that Summer, there was yet one more lot drawing in the First Congress (on 25 June 1790) in which Rhode Island's two Senators blindly drew between pieces of paper marked "1", "2" and "3": one Senator drew "2", the other drew "1"- thereby determining electoral Classes 1 and 2 as those for the Senators from this State. When Vermont was admitted to the Union as the 14th state on 4 March 1791, there was again a double lot drawing as there had been for New York. From that day until this, whenever a new State has been admitted to the Union, these types of lot drawings (the type determined by the necessity of keeping the number of Senators in each electoral Class as close to one third as possible at the time of said lot drawing) between the new State's first Senators is held before the Senate to determine in just which of the three electoral Classes that State's Senate seats will be placed from then on.


 


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